With the development of the economy and the improvement of people's lives, urban waste has increased greatly. Garbage disposal has become an urgent issue in the comprehensive improvement of the urban environment.

Toxic and hazardous waste refers to waste that contains heavy metals and toxic substances that are harmful to human health, or that causes actual or potential harm to the environment. Including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste light bulbs, waste water silver thermometers, waste paint buckets, waste home appliances, expired medicines, expired cosmetics, etc. Hazardous and toxic garbage needs special and correct methods for safe disposal.

As far as waste lamps are concerned, most of the energy-saving lamps made by the current process contain the chemical element mercury. An ordinary energy-saving lamp contains about 0.5 mg of mercury. If 1 mg of mercury seeps into the ground, it will cause 360 ​​tons of water pollution. Mercury will also enter the atmosphere in the form of vapor. Once the mercury content in the air exceeds the standard, it will cause harm to the human body. Long-term exposure to excessive mercury can cause poisoning.

Waste lamp tube treatment: After the waste lamp tube is broken, the mercury in the fragments is evaporated at high temperature and then condensed for recycling; the phosphor is chemically treated to form a new phosphor for the manufacture of new fluorescent lamps; the separated glass and metal are recycled .

Waste battery treatment: Waste batteries are further divided into different types of batteries through magnetic separation. According to the nature of the battery, the use of physical and chemical methods such as crushing, evaporation, and drying to extract the precious metals and other components in the battery can reduce environmental pollution.

As far as expired drugs are concerned, most drugs are easy to decompose, evaporate and emit toxic gases after expiration, causing indoor environmental pollution, and in severe cases, they can also cause harm to the human respiratory tract. If expired medicines are discarded randomly, it will cause pollution of the air, soil and water environment. Once it flows into the hands of illegal traders, it will be transferred back to the market, causing more serious consequences.